Makum is located at 27.5°N 95.45°E. It has an average elevation of 122 metres (400 feet).
As of 2011 India census,[2] Makum had a population of 16,923.[3] Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Makum has an average literacy rate of 68%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 73%, and female literacy is 62%. In Makum, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.
It is the meeting point of three premier towns of upper Assam namely Tinsukia Digboi and Doomdooma. The National Highway-37 and National Highway-38 meet at Makum. Makum railway station is the easternmost railway junction of the Indian Railways. The rail line became operational on 16 July 1883.